Principles of situational systems engineering
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34121/1028-9763-2019-4-65-78Keywords:
systems engineering, system of systems, situational system, situational model, інженерія систем, система систем, ситуаційна система, ситуаційна модельAbstract
The unpredictability, randomness and variability of environments in different fields of activity requires the use of adequate approaches and principles in the process of carrying out such activities. This approach is a situational approach for organization of activities within relevant situational systems. The analysis of situational management models (situation-oriented behavior) showed that the processes of situational management are realized within the perceptual cycle (having a cyclical nature) and include stages of empirical awareness of the state of the environment (target domain), constructing of its model and application of this model in the formation of rational behavior in environment based on periodic updates of awareness of the current state of the environment (target domain). The awareness of the state of the environment and the formation of rational behavior on its base are carried out using the mechanisms of logical reasoning, corresponding to the stages of the perceptual cycle. Such mechanisms of logical reasoning in the cycle of situational interaction with the environment are induction, deduction and abduction. Since situational management is generally concerned with unforeseen accidental events, the target situational system should be adapted to the specific situation. Such adaptation might be implemented based on the ad-hoc system architecture. The principles of systems engineering might be applied with appropriate refinements to situational systems, since the creation of a system of systems is usually determined by situational factors. The key principles for the engineering of situational systems, as well as systems of systems, are interoperability and coordination between its constituent systems. The specific principles of situational systems engineering are the use of means of describing situational semantics and situational behavior (situational calculus).References
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