Analytical review of some global approaches to emergency response management.

Abstract

The article analyzes some global approaches to emergency response management. The traditional structure of the countermeasure management process has been considered in order to identify and analyze in detail those components that are important from the point of view of automating the process of operational management of emergency countermeasures. For this purpose, the disaster management cycle has been studied and its stages have been analyzed. The main emphasis is placed on the stages of readiness and response, as the stages that require automation. When considering the stage of readiness, the preparedness cycle and its component steps have been analyzed. The planning step has been studied in detail as a step in which an action plan is created. The traditional planning process has been considered and its steps have been analyzed. Based on the results of the analysis, it has been established that the action plans created in the planning process are text documents designed exclusively for the needs of a specific region. On the basis of the obtained results, there has been justified the need to create an alternative presentation of the action plan, which will be suitable for computer processing and can be used in situational centers for the operational management of counteractions to emergencies. When considering the response stage, the incident command system and the emergency operations center, which are activated during an emergency, have been analyzed. In particular, the organizational structure of the incident command system has been considered, and the main functions of its divisions have been investigated. According to the results of the analysis, certain shortcomings of the analyzed incident command system have been revealed. The article concludes that the existing approaches to emergency response management should be fundamentally rethought.